Churn



(No Model.)

J. COPELAND.

' Uhuru.

No. 230,405. Patented Julyfz', 1880.

THOGRAPNEH. WASHINGTON.

UNITED STATES PATENT Ormea@ JOHN OOPELAND, OF QUASQUETON, IOWA.

CHURN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No'. 230,405, dated July27, 1880. Application nien April 3o, ieee. (No mona.)

A enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make anduse the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,and toletters ot' reference marked thereon, which form a part of thisspecilication..

This invention relates to improvements in rotary-body churns 5 and itconsists in the construction and arrangement ofthe several parts,hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims. v.

In the drawings, Figure l is a vertical longitudinal section, and Fig. 2is a vertical crosssection, of the body of a churn having myimprovements attached thereto, and Figs. 3 and`V` 4 are detail views ofthe air-pipe.

a is the body, which is provided with trunuions a a2, and supported in asuitable frame.

The body may be made of any suitable form.

On the ends a3 of the box I place a series of breakers, b, which arearranged radially, or nearly radially, to axis of motion of the body.It' a round body be employed the breakers would be on the radial lines,but when a polygonal body is employed I prefer to place them at rightangles to the sides and slightly off from the radial lines, as will beenseen by reference to the positions shown .in Fig. 2.

The breakers have one side beveled'and the end rounded, as shown, whilethe opposite side is left straight and vertical to the plane of theendas. The breakers throw the milkl away from the ends a3. Y

c c c are a series of longitudinally-hinged tlappers or breakers, whichareplaced on the inner periphery or sides of the box and parallel withthe axis ot' motion. They are arranged alternately with the breakersb,and are provided with pins, which are held in guides d cl.v They turnfreely on the pins, and will assume a position at right angles to orwill lie flat against the sides ofthe body, as shown.

Fixed between the guides d d, and close to the tlappers, is a beveledstrip, d', which serves as a stop or shoulder to keepl the flapper fromturning entirely over. The guides d are arranged in pairs, there being apair for each ilapper, and a guide at each end of said flipper,

and they have their ends d2 extended and flared outward from the liapperd, so that their ends are carried to a line or pointjust in rear ofthevertical side of the end breakers, b, while their points Z3 are beveledon their outer sides. next the end of the body, so that they will throwthe milk outward from the vertical center of the body.

The L-shaped tube e is for providing the necessary aeration. Its stem eis passed through the trunnion a', while its stem e2 is within the churnand is pressed against or very close to the end a3. The stem e2 has itsends closed, while its outer end,.e, has made through its side a smallopening, e4, which is partially closed by a tongue, e5, bent inward,with its outer end near to the closed end e3, and just behind the lipe6. The opening e4 is covered by shield e7, so arranged as to permit theair or gas to pass freely between it and the stem e2. This peculiarconstruction of the tube permits 'the free passage of air-or gas for allrequired purposes, and at the same time prevents the milk from gettinginto the tube. The shield e7 forms a passage-way, open at both ends, sothat any milk which may enter at one end will be thrown out by therotary motion of the churn, and, acting in combination with the tonguee5, furnishes a perfect guard for the pipe e2.

In the operation of the device the box is turned in the direction of thearrows, Fig. 2. Thercream is thrown by the guides d and flappers claterally against the ends of the body, and behind and against thestraight vertical sides of the breakers d, which in turn throw it backtoward the vertical center, and to be caught by the next pair of guides,by which it will again be thrown laterally, as in the first instance.

The tlappers or hinged breakers c rise to the vertical position shown inFig. 2 .when the box is turned in the direction of the arrows. When themotion of the body is reversed these hinged breakers lie down flatagainst the sides, as shown in the upper part of Fig. 1.

After the cream is churned the motion of the body is reversed, and thebeveled sides of the breakers b and the inward incline of -the guides dwill gather all the butterinto a lump at the center, from which it canbe easily taken.

' After the butter and milk have been removed, and water has been pouredinto the body, the action of the breakers b, guides d, and hingedflappers or breakers c will wash every particle of milk 'out of thechamber.

I am aware that in the construction of rotary-body churns it is not newto construct one of its trunnions hollow, so that an aerating tube maybe placed therein and revolve with the churn, nor is it new to form thesaid aerating-tube in the form ot' an L, one wing of which is placed inthe hollow trunnion, while the other wing lies inside of and close tothe end ofthe churn, and has its open inner end bent over so as to giveit a U or bracket shape; nor is it new to construct working-body ehurnswith breakers which are tapering or inclined and arranged on the sidesthereof7 and I do not claim such constructions; but,

Having thus described lny invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is-

1. In a rotary-body churn, the series of breakers b, fixed on the endboards, a3, and arranged radially to the axis of motion, the lappers c,hinged to the sides and parallel with the axis of motion of the body andarranged alternately with the breakers b, and the flaring guides d,arranged in pairs and at opposite ends of the fiappers c, and stop d',all arranged to operate substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. In a rotary-body churn,the L-tube e, having one ot its stems putthrough the hollow trnnnion a', and having its inner stem, e2, closed atits ends and constructed with a side open'iu g, o4, provided with aninwardly-inclined tongue, c", and the shield e7, placed over the openingor mouth e, and providing a passageway, open at both ends, between itand the pipe e2, substantially as set forth, and for the purposespecified.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand andseal this 2d day of April, 1880.

A JOHN v GOPELAND.

